How Did American Literature and Arts Begin to Change in the Mid1800s
If you've e'er taken an art history grade or spent time in a fine arts museum, chances are you know a lot about the men who "defined" their mediums. As with other subjects, about of what we acquire about art history today notwithstanding centers on white men from Europe and, afterward, the The states. In reality, at that place are and so many more artists of all genders to larn from and appreciate.
Here, we're specifically taking a look at simply some of the women who take had lasting impacts on their art forms. From some of the art earth'southward most iconic pioneers to its nigh unsung heroes, these women artists all had a hand — and, in some cases, still have a hand — in changing the earth of fine art and how nosotros define information technology.
Laura Wheeler Waring
Laura Wheeler Waring was an artist and educator who taught at Cheyney University in Pennsylvania for more than than 30 years. After studying the work of painters like Cézanne and Monet while abroad, she returned to the United States, becoming best known for her portraits of prominent Black Americans, many of which were painted during the Harlem Renaissance.
Cindy Sherman
Lensman Cindy Sherman was function of the Pictures Generation during the 1980s, and is perhaps most well known for her series of Untitled Motion picture Stills (1977–80) — self-portraits in which Sherman "posed in the guises of various generic female person film characters, among them, ingénue, working daughter, vamp, and lonely housewife" (via MoMA). In this series, and those that followed, Sherman used photography to question the media's influence over our private and collective identities.
Yoko Ono
You might starting time call back of Yoko Ono as a musician and activist, merely she'due south also an achieved performance and conceptual creative person. Ono was considered a pioneer in the performance art motility, earning the nickname the "Loftier Priestess of the Happening".
One of her most revered works, Cut Slice, was a performance she first staged in Nippon; Ono saturday on stage in a nice accommodate and placed scissors in front end of her, and, in an act of daring vulnerability, invited audience members to come on stage and cut away pieces of her vesture. "Art is like animate for me," Ono has said. "If I don't exercise it, I start to choke."
Betye Saar
Before becoming a printmaker and activist, Betye Saar studied blueprint and was employed as a social worker. A printmaking elective inverse her unabridged career trajectory — and, in plough, part of the trajectory of art history.
Saar was part of the Blackness Arts Movement in the 1970s and, through painting and aggregation, critiqued institutionalized racism and the racist stereotypes white people held toward Black Americans. "To me the trick is to seduce the viewer," Saar has said. "If you can get the viewer to look at a work of fine art, and so yous might be able to give them some sort of message."
Frida Kahlo
It'southward rare to find someone who hasn't at to the lowest degree heard of Frida Kahlo. A self-taught painter from Mexico, she is best known for exploring themes like death and identity through her self-portraits. Kahlo frequently used bold, vivid colors to create her symbol-rich works, and was regarded equally i of the nigh influential artists of the Surrealist move.
Yayoi Kusama
Yayoi Kusama started painting at a very immature age, but she'south also known for her hyper-real sculptures, polka dots, installations, and so much more. Like many of her peers, Kusama embraced the counterculture of the 1960s, employing nudity in much of her work. Today, she continues to create works for her enduring Mirror/Infinity rooms series, which use mirrors and lit objects to create a sense of endlessness.
Amy Sherald
Amy Sherald is an American painter and portraitist who depicts Blackness Americans, oft doing everyday activities — something that became more common in portraiture writ large in the mid-19th century. Odds are that y'all recognize Sherald'southward work — and her signature grayscale pare tones — as she was the first Black woman to complete a presidential portrait for the Smithsonian's National Portrait Gallery.
Georgia O'Keeffe
Known as the mother of American modernism, you probable associate Georgia O'Keeffe with her paintings of New Mexico'southward landscapes, flowers, skulls, and, just maybe, the skyscrapers of New York Metropolis. In the 1920s, she was the first woman painter to gain the respect of the New York art globe, all by painting in her unique style.
Adrian Piper
Adrian Piper became a pioneering minimalist, feminist, and conceptual creative person in 1970s New York City. She used her work to question society, identity, and racial politics by enervating the audience to confront truths almost themselves. She often challenged people on the streets of New York to approximate her race, socio-economical class, and gender — all while dressed as a Black man with a false mustache and sunglasses, or while wearing compelling statements on her clothes.
Shirin Neshat
Shirin Neshat left Iran in 1974 to report art in Los Angeles, California — before the Iran Islamic Revolution took identify. She is best known for her photography, pic, and video work, much of which explores the relationship between Islam's cultural and religious systems and women. Moreover, Neshat's works ofttimes create a sense of solidarity and empowerment.
Jenny Holzer
Every bit a neo-conceptual creative person, Jenny Holzer'due south piece of work focuses on words and ideas, which she puts on advertising billboards, projects onto buildings and adds to electronic displays or neon signs.
These works display phrases that act every bit meditations on various concepts, such as trauma, knowledge, and hope. I of her more notable works, I Aroma You lot On My Skin, makes the viewer question what kind of sentiment the sentence conveys.
Rebecca Belmore
Much of Rebecca Belmore's art addresses identity and history — and, in particular, houselessness and the voicelessness of the Offset Nations People in Canada. As an Anishinaabekwe creative person, she works to enhance awareness around the prejudice, violence, and attempted erasure of Ethnic North American culture. In 2005, she was the start Indigenous adult female to stand for Canada at the Venice Biennale.
Louise Bourgeois
While a prolific printmaker and painter, Louise Conservative is meliorate known for her installation art and sculptures — like the spider to a higher place — which were inspired by her own experiences and memories. Throughout her career, she created revolutionary works during a time when brainchild and conceptual art were the main styles shaping the art globe.
Mickalene Thomas
Heavily influenced by pop culture and pop art, Mickalene Thomas oftentimes embellishes her paintings with rhinestones and uses colorful acrylic paints. In her work, Thomas centers Black American women, whom she believes embody ability and femininity.
Judy Chicago
Judy Chicago was ane of the major figures within the early Feminist Art movement. As exemplified in her iconic work The Dinner Party, her installation pieces oft examine the role of women in history and culture — in the 1970s and before. While at California State University in Fresno, Chicago founded the first feminist art program in the United States.
Augusta Brutal
Augusta Savage was an American sculptor during the Harlem Renaissance who worked toward securing equal rights for Black Americans in the arts. In addition to creating scenic sculptures, often of Black folks, Savage founded the Fell Studio of Arts and Crafts in Harlem in 1932, and, a few years later, she became the first Black American elected to the National Association of Women Painters and Sculptors in 1934.
Carolee Schneemann
Known for her provocative operation art practices, Carolee Schneemann is considered the progenitor of "body art". (Just look upwardly her most famous piece of work, Interior Scroll, and you'll see what we mean.) She used her body to examine women's sensuality and liberation from the oppressive artful and social conventions established past our patriarchal social club.
Nan Goldin
Famous for her in-the-moment photography, Nan Goldin's piece of work challenges traditional ability relations. In addition to documenting New York City'south queer subculture post-Stonewall, Goldin explored the HIV/AIDS crunch, opioid epidemic, and LGBTQ+ bodies.
Elaine Sturtevant
Does this expect similar an Andy Warhol to you lot? Well, that'southward the idea! Elaine Sturtevant, who went past her last proper noun professionally, was a conceptual artist known for her inexact replicas — that is, non-quite-right copies of large-proper noun artists' work.
Some artists and critics encouraged her efforts, while others became quite aroused. Nonetheless, Sturtevant used her works to explore the concepts of authorship, originality, and the construction of art culture.
Ruth Asawa
During the 1960s, Ruth Asawa created increasingly complex wire sculptures. A San Francisco-based artist, Asawa'south concluding public commission was the Garden of Remembrance at San Francisco State University, which was created to recognize Japanese Americans who were interned during Earth War II.
Catherine Opie
Known for her studio, portrait, and mural photography, Catherine Opie has been a photographer since the age of 9. She uses her photography to examine social norms, and, in doing so, displays various subcultures in formal portraits — only in a mode that conveys power and respect by evoking traditional Renaissance portraiture.
micha cárdenas
micha cárdenas is an creative person, author, theorist, and assistant professor who won an Impact Award at the Indiecade Festival in 2020 and the Creative Award from the Gender Justice League in 2016. She believes education is the path to liberation and uses VR and art to accost global issues such equally racism, gendered violence, and climate change.
Lee Krasner
Lee Krasner was an Abstract Expressionist painter who besides specialized in collaging. Her works capture a spirit of relentless reinvention, from her Cubist drawings and aggregation to her portraits and murals for the Works Progress Administration (WPA).
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